Kinetin: a potential anti-aging molecule
N6-furfuryladenine also called kinetin is one of the cytokinins that have anti-aging effects on plants, human skin cells and fruit flies. It suggests that kinetin is a strong natural antioxidant with numerous effects in the protection of DNA and proteins. Read the original article here
Historically, there are produced a variety of products that have been sold and used for the treatment and / or protection of age-related changes in people. thomasville furniture These products derived previously from plant and animal product compositions. In our time used to serum growth factors, herbal extracts and human fetal and cellular extracts. In general, only very little or no systematic research to support the claims thomasville furniture made for such products. Over the past twenty years, however, the situation changed a lot, and many new molecules thomasville furniture have been scientifically tested. Kinetin anti-aging effects on human skin cells were first described by us [1]. The following is a brief description and discussion of the chemical structure, biological effects, the way it works and kinetin potential applications in health care and anti-aging therapies.
Chemical properties Kinetin (N6-furfuryladenine) was first isolated in 1955 from autoclaved herring thomasville furniture sperm DNA [2,3]. It is a derivative of adenine, which is one of the purine bases of nucleic acids (Figure 1), and belongs to the cytokinin of plant growth hormones. Kinetin is an amphoteric molecule that is soluble in strong acids and bases and slightly soluble in alcohol, thomasville furniture butanol, acetone and ether, but practically insoluble in distilled water. Crystals of kinetin to X-ray crystallography is obtained by slow cooling of a hot alcohol thomasville furniture solution. Identification of kinetin in natural products was made possible by the discovery thomasville furniture of its electrochemical properties. thomasville furniture Using the. studies of the mass spectrometric analysis of DNA components [4] we got the key evidence for the presence of N6-furfuryladenine in natural products. It was reported that the kinetin is naturally occurring in various plants and human cell extracts and DNA [4-6]. Kinetin biosynthetic reaction involves the production of furfural by oxidation of hydroxyl-deoxyribose in DNA [7,8].
Biological properties Most data on kinetin biological properties derived from studies of effects on plant systems. Kinetin stimulates tRNA synthesis, cell cycle progression and the catalytic activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdc2) in plant cells. Small amounts of kinetin stimulates calcium influx through the plasma membrane calcium channel in plant cells. Kinetin protect plant cells against stress by suppressing cell death induced by viruses and toxic chemicals such as mercury (II) chloride. Kinetin is well known for its anti-aging effect on plants. It prevents yellowing and senescence of leaves and decreases of aging and degeneration of fruits (for details, see [9]). We have reported that kinetin has a strong anti-aging effect on human skin cells and fruit flies. We have shown that the 40-80 micromolar (about 10-20 ppm), kinetin exposes thomasville furniture many cellular and biochemical characteristics that occur in the context thomasville furniture of cellular aging in long-term culture of human cells (fibroblasts) from under the skin. These cells grown continuously in culture medium supplemented with kinetin did not undergo thomasville furniture severe morphological changes such as cell enlargement, vacuolization and irregular appearance thomasville furniture (Figure 2). Kinetin-treated cells did not accumulate debris associated with age-pigment lipofuscin and oxidized macromolecules. The growth of human cells in kinetin-containing medium also prevented the dissolution of the cytoskeleton and the emergence of cells during aging in vitro. Although kinetin to some extent could reverse some of the age-related changes in senescent human skin cells in vitro, its effects were most evident as a protective agent in long-term treatment [1]. The most important thing is that the treatment of human cells with the above doses of kinetin neither cause of premature cell death (a measure of toxicity) or induce extra cell proliferation, which is a potential carcinogenesis. In this respect, kinetin significantly from other so-called anti-aging molecules that can either cause cell death (eg. Retinol) or promote cell proliferation, for example. serum growth factors and carnosine [10]. To find kinetinets effect on aging and longevity of organisms is carried out studies on fruit flies. It is reported that 25-50 ppm kinetin added food of fruit flies reduced their development and aging and increased their average and maximum lifespan by 65% and 25%. Increase in the lifespan was followed by a 55-60% increase in the activity of an antioxidant enzyme catalase, which breaks down the hydrogen peroxide in the cells [11,
N6-furfuryladenine also called kinetin is one of the cytokinins that have anti-aging effects on plants, human skin cells and fruit flies. It suggests that kinetin is a strong natural antioxidant with numerous effects in the protection of DNA and proteins. Read the original article here
Historically, there are produced a variety of products that have been sold and used for the treatment and / or protection of age-related changes in people. thomasville furniture These products derived previously from plant and animal product compositions. In our time used to serum growth factors, herbal extracts and human fetal and cellular extracts. In general, only very little or no systematic research to support the claims thomasville furniture made for such products. Over the past twenty years, however, the situation changed a lot, and many new molecules thomasville furniture have been scientifically tested. Kinetin anti-aging effects on human skin cells were first described by us [1]. The following is a brief description and discussion of the chemical structure, biological effects, the way it works and kinetin potential applications in health care and anti-aging therapies.
Chemical properties Kinetin (N6-furfuryladenine) was first isolated in 1955 from autoclaved herring thomasville furniture sperm DNA [2,3]. It is a derivative of adenine, which is one of the purine bases of nucleic acids (Figure 1), and belongs to the cytokinin of plant growth hormones. Kinetin is an amphoteric molecule that is soluble in strong acids and bases and slightly soluble in alcohol, thomasville furniture butanol, acetone and ether, but practically insoluble in distilled water. Crystals of kinetin to X-ray crystallography is obtained by slow cooling of a hot alcohol thomasville furniture solution. Identification of kinetin in natural products was made possible by the discovery thomasville furniture of its electrochemical properties. thomasville furniture Using the. studies of the mass spectrometric analysis of DNA components [4] we got the key evidence for the presence of N6-furfuryladenine in natural products. It was reported that the kinetin is naturally occurring in various plants and human cell extracts and DNA [4-6]. Kinetin biosynthetic reaction involves the production of furfural by oxidation of hydroxyl-deoxyribose in DNA [7,8].
Biological properties Most data on kinetin biological properties derived from studies of effects on plant systems. Kinetin stimulates tRNA synthesis, cell cycle progression and the catalytic activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdc2) in plant cells. Small amounts of kinetin stimulates calcium influx through the plasma membrane calcium channel in plant cells. Kinetin protect plant cells against stress by suppressing cell death induced by viruses and toxic chemicals such as mercury (II) chloride. Kinetin is well known for its anti-aging effect on plants. It prevents yellowing and senescence of leaves and decreases of aging and degeneration of fruits (for details, see [9]). We have reported that kinetin has a strong anti-aging effect on human skin cells and fruit flies. We have shown that the 40-80 micromolar (about 10-20 ppm), kinetin exposes thomasville furniture many cellular and biochemical characteristics that occur in the context thomasville furniture of cellular aging in long-term culture of human cells (fibroblasts) from under the skin. These cells grown continuously in culture medium supplemented with kinetin did not undergo thomasville furniture severe morphological changes such as cell enlargement, vacuolization and irregular appearance thomasville furniture (Figure 2). Kinetin-treated cells did not accumulate debris associated with age-pigment lipofuscin and oxidized macromolecules. The growth of human cells in kinetin-containing medium also prevented the dissolution of the cytoskeleton and the emergence of cells during aging in vitro. Although kinetin to some extent could reverse some of the age-related changes in senescent human skin cells in vitro, its effects were most evident as a protective agent in long-term treatment [1]. The most important thing is that the treatment of human cells with the above doses of kinetin neither cause of premature cell death (a measure of toxicity) or induce extra cell proliferation, which is a potential carcinogenesis. In this respect, kinetin significantly from other so-called anti-aging molecules that can either cause cell death (eg. Retinol) or promote cell proliferation, for example. serum growth factors and carnosine [10]. To find kinetinets effect on aging and longevity of organisms is carried out studies on fruit flies. It is reported that 25-50 ppm kinetin added food of fruit flies reduced their development and aging and increased their average and maximum lifespan by 65% and 25%. Increase in the lifespan was followed by a 55-60% increase in the activity of an antioxidant enzyme catalase, which breaks down the hydrogen peroxide in the cells [11,
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